基准利率

benchmark interest rate

机关团体存款

deposits of non-profit institutions

机会成本

opportunity cost

激励机制

incentive mechanism

积压严重

heavy stockpile;excessive inventory

挤提存款

run on banks

挤占挪用

unwarranted diversion of（financial）resources（from designated uses）

技改投资

investment in technological upgrading

技术密集型产品

technology-intensive product

计划单列市

municipalities with independent planning status

计划经济

planned economy

集体经济

the collective sector

加大结构调整力度

to intensify structural adjustment

加工贸易

processing trade

加快态势

accelerating trend

加强税收征管稽查

to enhance tax administration

加权价

weighted average price

价格放开

price liberalization

价格形成机制

pricing mechanism

减亏

to reduce losses

简化手续

to cut red tape;to simplify（streamline）procedures

交投活跃

brisk trading

缴存准备金

to deposit required reserves

结构扭曲

structural distortion

结构失调

structural imbalance

结构性矛盾突出

acute structural imbalance

结构优化

structural improvement（optimization）

结汇、售汇

sale and purchase of foreign exchange

金融脆弱

financial fragility

金融动荡

financial turbulence

金融风波

financial disturbance

金融恐慌

financial panic

金融危机

financial crisis

金融压抑

financial repression

金融衍生物

financial derivatives

金融诈骗

financial fraud

紧缩银根

to tighten monetary policy

紧缩政策

austerity policies;tight financial policies

经常账户可兑换

current account convertibility

经济特区

special economic zones（SEZs）

经济体制改革

economic reform

经济增长方式的转变

change in the main source of economic growth（from investment expansion to efficiency gains）

经济增长减速

economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth

经济制裁

economic sanction

经营自主权

autonomy in management

景气回升

recovery in business activity

境外投资

overseas investment

竞争加剧

intensifying competition

局部性金融风波

localized（isolated）financial disturbance

K

开办人民币业务

to engage in RMB business

可维持（可持续）经济增长

sustainable economic growth

可变成本

variable cost

可自由兑换货币

freely convertible currency

控制现金投放

control currency issuance

扣除物价因素

in real terms;on inflation-adjusted basis

库存产品

inventory

跨国银行业务

cross-border banking

跨年度采购

cross-year procurement

会计准则

accounting standard

L

来料加工

processing of imported materials for export

离岸银行业务

off-shore banking（business）

理顺外贸体制

to rationalize foreign trade regime

利率杠杆的调节作用

the role of interest rates in resource allocation

利润驱动

profit-driven

利息回收率

interest collection ratio

联行清算

inter-bank settlement

连锁企业

franchise（businesses）;chain businesses

良性循环

virtuous cycle

两极分化

growing income disparity;polarization in income distribution

零售物价指数

retail price index（RPI）

流动性比例

liquidity ratio

流动资产周转率/流通速度

velocity of liquid assets

流动资金贷款

working capital loans

流通体制

distribution system

流通网络

distribution network

留购（租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物）

hire purchase

垄断行业

monopolized industry（sector）

乱集资

irregular（illegal）fund raising

乱收费

irregular（illegal）charges

乱摊派

unjustified（arbitrary）levies

M

买方市场

buyer's market

卖方市场

seller's market

卖出回购证券

matched sale of repo

贸易差额

trade balance

民间信用

non-institutionalized credit

免二减三

exemption of income tax for the first two years ofmaking profit and 50% tax reduction for thefollowing three years

明补

explicit subsidy

明亏

explicit loss

名牌产品

brand products

母国（请见“东道国”）

home country

N

内部控制

internal control

内部审计

internal audit

内地与香港

the mainland and Hong Kong

内债

domestic debt

扭亏为盈

to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one

扭曲金融分配

distorted allocation of financial resources

农副产品采购支出

outlays for agricultural procurement

农村信用社

rural credit cooperatives（RCCs）

P

泡沫效应

bubble effect

泡沫经济

bubble economy

培育新的经济增长点

to tap new sources of economic growth

片面追求发展速度

excessive pursuit of growth

平衡发展

balanced development

瓶颈制约

bottleneck（constraints）

平稳回升

steady recovery

铺底流动资金

initial（start-up）working capital

普遍回升

broad-based recovery

配套改革

concomitant（supporting）reforms

配套人民币资金

local currency funding of…

Q

企业办社会

enterprises burdened with social responsibilities

企业集团战略

corporate group strategy

企业兼并重组

company merger and restructuring

企业领导班子

enterprise management

企业所得税

enterprise（corporate）income tax

企业效益

corporate profitability

企业资金违规流入股市

irregular flow of enterprise funds into the stock market

欠税

tax arrears

欠息

overdue interest

强化税收征管

to strengthen tax administration

强制措施

enforcement action

翘尾因素

carryover effect

切一刀

partial application

清理收回贷款

clean up and recover loans

（破产）清算

liquidation

倾斜政策

preferential policy

区别对待

differential treatment

趋势加强

intensifying trend

全球化

globalization

权益回报率

returns on equity（ROE）

缺乏后劲

unsustainable momentum

R

绕规模贷款

to circumvent credit ceiling

人均国内生产总值

per capita GDP

人均收入

per capita income

人民币升值压力

upward pressure on the Renminbi（exchange rate）

认缴资本

subscribed capital

软贷款

soft loans

软预算约束

soft budget constraint

软着陆

soft landing

S

三角债

chain debts;inter-enterprise arrears

善政廉政

good governance

商业贷款

commercial loans

上市公司

（publicly）listed corporations

设备利用

capacity utilization

社会保障

social safety net;social security（insurance）

深层次矛盾

deep-rooted structural imbalance

审批金融机构

to license financial institutions

审慎监管

prudential supervision

生产能力闲置

unutilized capacity

生息资产

interest-bearing assets

实际利用外资

disbursement of foreign capital;actual inflow of foreign investment

实际有效汇率

real effective exchange rate

实时

real time

实收资本

paid-in capital

实现利润

realized profit

市场分割

market segmentation

市场经济

market economy

市场占有率（市场份额）

market share

市场准入

market access（指商品和劳务的进入）；market entry（指机构的审批）

市价总值

market capitalization

适度从紧

appropriately tight

适时调节

timely adjustment

收回对金融机构贷款

to recall central bank loans （to financial institutions）

税后还贷

amortization（repayment of loans）after tax

税收流失

tax erosion

税源不足

weak tax base

私营经济（私人经济）

the private sector

私有制

private ownership