在第十届夏季达沃斯论坛开幕式上的致辞

Address at the Opening Ceremony of the Tenth Annual Meeting of the New Champions

 

中华人民共和国国务院总理  李克强

Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China

 

2016年6月27日，天津

Tianjin, 27 June 2016

 

尊敬的施瓦布主席先生，

尊敬的各位政府首脑，

尊敬的各位贵宾，

女士们，先生们：

 

Professor Klaus Schwab,

Distinguished Heads of Government,

Distinguished Guests,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

 

很高兴与大家在天津再次相聚。首先，我代表中国政府，对夏季达沃斯论坛的召开，表示热烈祝贺！对各位远道而来的嘉宾和媒体界的朋友，表示诚挚欢迎！

 

It’s a great pleasure to meet you again in Tianjin. At the outset, I wish to congratulate, on behalf of the Chinese government, the opening of the Annual Meeting of the New Champions, and extend sincere welcome to all our guests coming from afar and friends from the press.

 

本次论坛是第10届夏季达沃斯论坛。中国有句话叫“十年树木”。如果把这个论坛比作树木的话，经过十年的精心培育，已是枝繁叶茂、硕果累累，不仅向世界展示了中国改革开放和现代化建设的历程与成就，也为世界和中国实现共同发展繁荣贡献了智慧与力量。

 

This is the tenth Annual Meeting of the New Champions, or the Summer Davos, as it is known. There is a Chinese saying which goes, “It takes ten years to grow a tree.” If we could compare the Summer Davos to a tree, after ten years of careful nurturing, it has grown into a luxuriant tree with bountiful fruits. It has showcased to the world the process and achievements of China’s reform, opening up and modernization. It has also contributed wisdom and strength to the common development and prosperity of China and the world.

 

国际金融危机爆发以来，各方努力应对，使用了各种刺激增长的政策工具。8年过去了，世界经济复苏远不及预期，全球贸易投资增长低迷，大宗商品和金融市场不时动荡，发达国家和新兴经济体走势分化，地缘政治风险加大，不稳定因素增多。前几天英国公投脱欧，对国际金融市场的影响已经显现，世界经济新的不确定性还在增加。在此情况下，推动世界经济复苏和各国经济增长，需要共同应对挑战、提振信心，共同营造稳定的国际环境，共同寻求治本之策。欧洲国家是中国的重要伙伴。在新的形势下，中方将继续致力于维护好发展好中欧、中英关系。我们希望看到一个团结、稳定的欧盟，也希望看到一个稳定、繁荣的英国。本届论坛以“第四次工业革命——转型的力量”为主题，为人们提供了新视角，具有前瞻性和现实意义。在此，我愿提出几点看法，与大家交流。

 

When the international financial crisis broke out eight years ago, countries resorted to various policy tools to grapple with the crisis and stimulate growth. Eight years on, recovery of the world economy has fallen far short of people’s expectations: global trade and investment are lackluster; commodities and financial markets have experienced volatility from time to time; growth prospects of developed and emerging economies are diverging; and geopolitical risks and destabilizing factors are both on the rise. Just a few days ago, the UK voted to leave the EU in a referendum. This is already making an impact on the international financial markets and adding to the uncertainties in the world economy. Against such a backdrop, to promote world economic recovery and the growth of all economies, we need to make joint efforts to tackle challenges, strengthen confidence, foster a stable international environment and find solutions to address root causes of the problems we face. European countries are important partners for China. Under the new circumstances, China will continue to maintain and grow its relations with the EU and the UK. We hope to see a united and stable EU and a stable and prosperous UK.

 

The theme of the forum, “the Fourth Industrial Revolution and its Transformational Impact”, offers people a new perspective and is thus forward-looking and relevant. Let me share with you a few thoughts in this connection.

 

第一，推动世界经济稳定复苏，需要积极实施结构性改革。解决世界经济深层次矛盾和问题，既要加强需求管理，又要着力推进结构性改革，以消除“病灶”。各国情况不尽相同，总的方向是针对经济失衡，重点推进财政金融改革，放松管制，促进竞争，支持创新，扩大开放，协力促进世界经济强劲、可持续、平衡增长。

 

First, to promote steady recovery of the world economy, we must actively carry out structural reform. To address the deep-seated problems in the world economy, we need to both strengthen demand management and advance structural reform to eliminate the root causes that trigger problems. Countries may face different situations, yet they should all move toward addressing economic imbalance by way of promoting fiscal and financial reform, easing regulation, facilitating competition, supporting innovation and expanding opening up, and should all work together to ensure strong, sustainable and balanced growth of the world economy.

 

第二，推动世界经济稳定复苏，必须加快经济转型升级。全球经济摆脱困境，最终要靠转变发展方式，加快新旧动能转换。世界新一轮科技革命和产业变革孕育兴起，为此提供了历史性机遇。一大批引领性、颠覆性新技术、新工具、新材料的涌现，有力推动着新经济成长和传统产业升级。各方应因势利导，把政策着力点放在支持经济转型升级上，增强经济发展新动力。

 

Second, to promote steady recovery of the world economy, we must speed up economic transformation and upgrading. For the world economy to walk out of the woods, the ultimate solution lies in shifting the growth model and replacing old growth drivers with new ones at a faster pace. The advent of a new round of technological and industrial revolution has provided a historical opportunity for this. The emergence of new technologies, new tools and new materials, which are of pace-setting and transformational significance, has given a strong boost to the growth of the new economy and the upgrading of traditional industries. Countries should follow this prevailing trend by focusing their policies on supporting economic transformation and upgrading, and strengthen the new drivers of economic growth.

      

第三，推动世界经济稳定复苏，离不开高效有序的全球治理。面对共同的挑战，惟有同舟共济、立己达人，才是正道通途。各国应采取更多增长友好型政策，加强宏观政策协调，坚定不移推进贸易和投资自由化、便利化，旗帜鲜明反对保护主义，致力构建更加公平、公正、开放的国际经济体系。世界主要经济体在制定宏观经济政策时，不仅要考虑自身增长，也要考虑外溢性影响。今年9月，二十国集团领导人峰会（G20）将在中国杭州举行。本届论坛专门设置“中国的G20愿景”分论坛进行研讨，为此次峰会建言，有着积极意义。

 

Third, to promote steady recovery of the world economy, we will need efficient and orderly global governance. In the face of common challenges, we need to uphold the spirit of solidarity and work for common progress. This is a sure way for us to move forward. Countries need to adopt more growth-friendly policies, strengthen macro policy coordination, steadfastly advance trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, firmly oppose protectionism and build a fairer, more just and open international economic system. The world’s major economies, while making macro-economic policies, should consider not just their own growth needs but also the spillover effects of their policies. This September, the G20 Summit will be held in Hangzhou, China. The ongoing Summer Davos has a special session on “China’s G20 Agenda”. I find it highly relevant as it will contribute insights and recommendations to China’s hosting of the G20 Hangzhou Summit.

 

女士们、先生们！

 

Ladies and Gentlemen,

 

在经历多年的快速增长后，中国经济发展进入新常态。面对持续较大的经济下行压力，我们没有搞“大水漫灌”式的强刺激，而是创新宏观调控方式，着力推进结构性改革，着力培育新动能，改造提升传统动能，不仅保持了经济稳定发展，增长速度居世界主要经济体前列，而且结构调整也取得积极进展。这几年一路走来，充满风险和挑战，我们付出了很大艰辛。令人欣慰的是，新动能呈快速成长态势，尽管目前在规模上还难以与传统动能等量齐观，但在支撑发展、保障就业、促进转型升级等方面发挥着越来越大的作用。假以时日，异军突起的新动能必将撑起未来中国经济一片新天地。

 

Having experienced years of rapid growth, China’s economic development has now entered a new normal. In the face of mounting downward economic pressure, we have not resorted to indiscriminate strong stimulus. Instead, we have focused on exploring new models of macro control, vigorously advanced structural reform, and concentrated our efforts on cultivating new drivers of growth while upgrading traditional ones. As a result, we have maintained steady economic development, ranking among top of the world’s major economies in terms of growth speed, and made positive progress in structural adjustment. The journey we traveled these years has been fraught with risks and challenges, and we have made painstaking efforts along the way. Nevertheless, it is encouraging to see that new drivers in the economy are rapidly growing. Although they cannot yet compare with traditional drivers in size, they do play a bigger role in sustaining development, securing employment, and promoting economic transformation. Given time, the rise of the new drivers will open up new prospects for the Chinese economy.

 

今年以来，在世界经济增长继续放缓的背景下，中国经济运行总体平稳、稳中有进，保持在合理区间，确实来之不易。今年一季度经济增长6.7%，进入二季度以来继续保持稳定增长。夏粮有望再获丰收，工业企业效益回稳提升，服务业较快发展，市场销售平稳增长，居民消费价格指数（CPI）基本稳定、工业生产者出厂价格指数（PPI）降幅收窄，能耗强度和主要污染物排放继续下降。特别是就业保持稳定，1－5月城镇新增就业577万人，完成全年目标任务的58%；5月份31个大城市城镇调查失业率为5.02%。

 

This year, despite continued slowdown in global growth, the Chinese economy has on the whole maintained stability while making steady progress, and has performed within the appropriate range. This is indeed not easy. China’s GDP expanded by 6.7% in the first quarter of the year, and registered steady growth in the second quarter. Summer grain production is expected to be another bumper harvest. Corporate profits in the industrial sector are steadily rising. The service industry is growing rapidly, and market sales are steadily expanding. CPI is basically stable, the drop in PPI has narrowed, and energy intensity and emissions of major pollutants have continued to fall. In particular, the employment situation is stable. In the first five months of this year, 5.77 million new urban jobs were created, completing 58% of the annual employment target. The surveyed unemployment rate of 31 major cities in May was 5.02%.

 

上半年中国经济稳定发展，改革创新和调整转型发挥了关键作用。简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革和大众创业、万众创新释放了发展潜力。新增市场主体平均每天4万户，其中新增企业1.3万多户、高于前两年，有力地带动了就业。消费和服务业逐步形成主导作用。信息通讯、智能手机、新能源汽车等新兴消费迅猛扩大，旅游、文化、体育、健康、养老“五大幸福产业”快速发展，服务业无论是产值还是就业，都稳居国民经济第一大产业。创新型经济活力四射。高技术产业、高端制造业和电子商务等新业态快速增长，一些转型升级早、新产业增长快的企业、行业、地区，保持良好发展势头。总起来看，中国经济的结构在优化、质量在提升、动能在积蓄。

 

An important reason the Chinese economy has maintained steady growth in the first half of the year is that reform, innovation, adjustment and transformation have all played an important role. Reform efforts to streamline administration, delegate power and improve government services have given a strong boost to mass entrepreneurship and innovation, and further unleashed development potential. Now every day in China, some 40,000 new market entities are being created, including over 13,000 new enterprises. Such increase is bigger than the previous two years and has given a strong boost to job creation. The leading role of consumption and services is becoming more visible. New areas of consumption such as information and communication, smart phones and new energy vehicles are rapidly expanding. The five “happiness industries” of tourism, culture, sports, health and old-age care are rapidly growing. The service sector has grown into the biggest industry in the national economy, both in terms of its output and the number of jobs it created. An innovation-driven economy is brimming with vitality. High-tech industries, high-end manufacturing, e-commerce and other new business forms are booming. Enterprises, sectors and regions that have made an early start in economic transformation and upgrading and that embrace faster growth of new industries have all taken on a sound momentum of growth. On the whole, the Chinese economy is better structured; its quality is improving and a stronger momentum is being gathered.

 

我们也认识到，由于国际环境复杂严峻、国内长期积累的深层次矛盾凸显，中国经济稳定运行的基础还不牢固。外需对增长的拉动力减弱，民间投资和制造业投资乏力，金融等领域存在风险隐患，一些产能严重过剩行业和经济结构单一地区矛盾较多，经济下行压力仍然较大，困难不可低估。我们正视困难、坦承困难，恰恰表明我们有决心克服困难、有能力战胜困难，中国经济希望始终大于困难。

 

We are also aware that given the complex and challenging international environment and the deep-seated domestic problems accumulated over the years, the foundation underpinning stable performance of the Chinese economy is yet to be strengthened. The driving effect of external demand on growth is waning. Private and manufacturing investments are sluggish. Latent risks still exist in the financial and other sectors. In some industries with serious overcapacity and regions with monotonous economic structure, there have been relatively more problems. Downward economic pressure remains and the difficulties are not to be underestimated. However, the fact that we have recognized and stood up to challenges shows that we have the determination and ability to overcome difficulties. For the Chinese economy, there is always more hope than difficulties.

 

当前中国经济发展的基本面没有改变，宏观政策也会保持连续性稳定性。我们将继续创新宏观调控方式，加力增效实施积极的财政政策，灵活适度实施稳健的货币政策，把资源更多引向有利于补短板、增后劲、上水平的领域，引向有利于促进转型升级等新经济的领域。现在，中国政府负债率40%左右，中央政府负债率16%左右，在世界主要经济体中是比较低的，实施积极的财政政策有空间；居民储蓄率高，发展多层次资本市场潜力大，完善金融调控手段、优化金融资源配置有很大余地，可以创造条件，运用市场化、法治化方式逐步降低企业杠杆率和融资成本。我们不仅有足够的政策工具保持经济运行在合理区间，而且有充分的能力防范住系统性区域性风险。在调整转型时期，中国经济增长短期难免有波动起伏，但不会出现“硬着陆”，我们能够实现全年经济社会发展主要预期目标。

 

The fundamentals of the Chinese economy have remained unchanged, and our macro policies will maintain continuity and stability. In the meantime, we will continue to innovate means of macro control, implement the proactive fiscal policy with greater intensity and efficiency, and carry out the prudent monetary policy in a flexible and appropriate fashion. We will channel more resources into areas that help strengthen weak links, increase the momentum of development and take development to a higher level, as well as into areas of the new economy that serve to promote economic transformation and upgrading. The current debt ratio for the Chinese government is around 40 percent, and is only around 16 percent for the central government, lower than many other major economies. This has given us space for a proactive fiscal policy. A high savings rate in China means huge potential for the development of multi-tiered capital markets. It also means major leeway for improving financial regulation methods and financial resource allocation. We are in a position to create conditions to gradually lower corporate leverage ratio and financing costs in a market-based and law-based manner. We not only have sufficient policy tools to keep economic performance within the reasonable range. We also have strong ability to prevent systemic or regional risks. In the stage of transition, short-term fluctuations of economic growth are hardly avoidable, but the Chinese economy will not head for a “hard landing”. And we will be able to achieve the main economic and social development targets set for this year.

 

中国经济发展潜力大、优势足、空间广，前景光明。我们有9亿多劳动力，其中1.7亿多受过高等教育或有专业技能，每年大学毕业生700多万，中职毕业生500多万。科技人员数量世界第一，研发投入世界第二，去年投入的资金1万多亿元。中国是世界第二大经济体、第一制造大国，还是货物贸易和服务贸易大国、吸收外资和对外投资大国。中国也是世界第二大消费市场，中等收入群体数以亿计并日益扩大，农村贫困人口逐年减少，城镇常住人口每年增加上千万。这是一个世界上最具增长潜力的新兴大市场，也是各方人才能够充分发挥智力潜能、投资兴业的大舞台。我们对中国经济，不论是当前还是未来，都持乐观态度。乐观是充满信心的表现，在市场经济条件下，信心引导预期，本身就是巨大的力量。

 

Looking ahead, the Chinese economy has huge potential, strong advantage, broad space and bright prospect. China has a 900 million strong workforce, among whom 170 million have received higher education or training in professional skills. Every year we produce over seven million college graduates and over five million graduates from secondary vocational schools. We are No.1 in the world in terms of the number of science professionals and No.2 in R&D input, with an input of over RMB 1 trillion made last year. China is the second biggest economy, the largest manufacturing country, a major trading nation in goods and services, and a major destination and source of foreign investment. It is also the world’s second largest consumer market. Its middle-income population is in the hundreds of millions and is still expanding. The number of the rural poor is falling year by year, while that of permanent urban residents is growing by over 10 million each year. All these make China a major emerging market with the biggest growth potential. It makes China a big stage where people from every corner could tap into their intellectual potential and start their business. We are optimistic about the current state and future prospect of the Chinese economy. Optimism is a sign of confidence, and in market economy conditions, confidence guides people’s expectations. This in itself generates powerful strength.